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Руководство для экспатов: Жизнь в Панаме 2026

Panama offers a unique combination: a dollarised economy, excellent healthcare, zero taxes on foreign-source income, a tropical climate and one of the world's most famous retirement visa programmes — the Pensionado. It is consistently ranked as a top retirement destination in the Americas.

Последнее обновление: март 2026 — Редакционная команда, eVisa-Card.com

Обзор Панамы

CapitalPanama City
CurrencyBalboa / USD
LanguageSpanish
Monthly cost~$1,200–2,500 в месяц

📋 Table of Contents

  1. Visa & Residency
  2. Healthcare
  3. Health Insurance
  4. Bank Account
  5. Buying Property
  6. Налоги и фискальная эмиграция

🛂 Варианты виз и проживания

Тип визыПодробности
Pensionado VisaPanama's flagship retirement visa. Requires a guaranteed lifetime pension of $1,000 в месяц from a government or private pension. No age minimum. Permanent residency from day one. No stay requirement. Includes a long list of discounts (20–50%) on healthcare, restaurants, entertainment.
Friendly Nations VisaFor citizens of 50+ 'friendly nations' (including USA, EU, UK, Canada, Australia). Requires $200,000 in a Panama bank account OR employment with a Panamanian company OR business ownership. Permanent residency.
Self-Employed / Business VisaFor investors or business owners. Capital investment of $40,000+ (with at least 3 Panamanian employees). 2-year permit, path to permanent residency.
Digital Nomad Visa (Short-Stay Permit)Panama introduced a Remote Worker Permit in 2021. Monthly income proof $36,000+ в год. 9-month renewable permit. Not full residency.
Tourist Visa / StampUS, EU, UK, Canadian citizens: 180 days visa-free. Many nomads use Panama as a hub and renew easily with a short border run.

Step-by-Step Process

  1. Choose your visa category (Pensionado for retirees, Friendly Nations for qualified nationals)
  2. Hire a Panamanian immigration lawyer (~$1,500–3,000 in legal fees)
  3. Gather documents: passport, pension letter, police clearance, health certificate, bank statements
  4. Apostille and translate all foreign documents to Spanish
  5. Submit application to the National Immigration Услуга (SNM)
  6. Initial temporary residency issued (~3–6 months processing)
  7. Permanent residency card (Carnet) issued — usually within 6 months
  8. Apply for cedula (national ID) at the Civil Registry
  9. Obtain RUC (tax ID) at the DGI if conducting business
💡 Совет: The Pensionado Visa is one of the world's best retirement programmes — permanent residency with a modest $1,000 в месяц pension, no age limit, and remarkable discounts on healthcare and daily expenses. It can be obtained with a pension as small as a US Social Security benefit.

🏥 Здравоохранение in Panama

Государственная медицина

Panama has a two-tier public system: Social Security (CSS) for formal workers and public hospitals (MINSA) for the general population. Pensionado visa holders can access CSS at discounted rates. Quality in Panama City is good; rural areas are underserved.

Частная медицина

Panama City has excellent private hospitals: Hospital Nacional, Hospital Punta Pacifica (affiliated with Johns Hopkins), Clínica Hospital San Fernando, Hospital Chiriquí (David). English-speaking doctors are common. Стоимости are significantly lower than the US.

Typical Стоимости

УслугаСтоимость
Private Прием терапевта$40–80
Прием специалиста$80–200
Emergency room (private)$200–800
Hospitalisation (private, за ночь)$400–1,500
Чистка зубов$40–80
Major dental work50–70% cheaper than US
ℹ️ Рекомендуется: Most expats use a combination of private health insurance and occasional CSS access (if eligible via Pensionado). Panama City's private hospitals offer US-quality care at 30–50% of US prices.

🛡️ Supplementary Health Insurance

Health insurance is not legally required for residency in Panama but is strongly recommended. Hospitalisation and specialist care at private hospitals can be expensive without coverage. Pensionado holders receive a 20% discount on private medical services.

Лучшие страховщики для экспатов

Pan-American Life Insurance (PALIC)
Major regional insurer with strong Panama network. Widely accepted at private hospitals. From ~$150 в месяц.
BlueCross BlueShield (Panama)
Popular with US expats. Good network of hospitals. From ~$180 в месяц.
ASSA Compañía de Seguros
Panama-based insurer. Comprehensive plans, dental included. From ~$120 в месяц.
Cigna Global
International plan covering Panama and worldwide, including US. From ~$150 в месяц.
Aetna International
Good for US citizens who need US coverage too. From ~$200 в месяц.
💡 Совет: Pensionado visa holders receive a 20% discount on private healthcare services — keep this in mind when comparing insurance plans. Even with insurance, you'll pay a fraction of US costs for the same procedures.

🏦 Opening a Bank Account in Panama

Panama is a major banking hub in Latin America. However, post-FATCA compliance has made account opening stricter, especially for US citizens. A Panamanian bank account is essential for visa purposes (Friendly Nations) and daily life.

Рекомендуемые банки

Banco Nacional de Panamá — State-owned bank. Most accessible for new residents. Competitive rates. Good for retirement pension deposits.
BAC Credomatic — Largest private bank in Central America. English service, good digital banking. Popular with expats.
Banistmo (HSBC affiliate) — Good for international transfers, especially to/from Europe. English support available.
Multibank — Expat-friendly, good for Friendly Nations visa applicants (requires bank balance proof). Good English service.
Global Bank — Relatively easy account opening. Good for Pensionado applicants.

Необходимые документы

  • Valid passport
  • Panamanian residency card (Carnet) or tourist visa
  • Proof of address (rental contract or utility bill)
  • Proof of income (pension letter, employment contract or investment proof)
  • Personal and professional reference letters (2 each, some banks)
  • Initial deposit ($500–5,000 depending on bank)

Step-by-Step Process

  1. Obtain your residency card or at minimum a tourist entry stamp
  2. Visit bank branch in person (no online opening for non-residents)
  3. Present all documents including reference letters
  4. Compliance interview (standard KYC process)
  5. Account opened within 1–4 weeks (compliance checks take time)
💡 Совет: US citizens face the most scrutiny due to FATCA reporting requirements — some banks decline US applicants entirely. Multibank and Global Bank are more open to US expats. Non-US expats typically have a smoother experience.

🏠 Buying Property in Panama

Panama has among the most foreigner-friendly property laws in Latin America. Foreigners have the same property rights as Panamanian citizens. No restrictions on type of property, location or amount owned. The property market is dollarised.

Options for Foreigners

Freehold (Titled Property)
Full ownership, same rights as citizens. Most condos, houses and commercial properties. Registered at the Public Registry.
Rights of Possession (ROP)
Untitled land where occupants have use rights but not formal title. Common in rural and coastal areas. Higher risk — verify carefully.
Pensionado Property Exemption
First purchase of primary residence by a Pensionado is exempt from certain taxes. Confirm with your lawyer.

Процесс покупки

  1. Hire a Panamanian real estate lawyer (abogado)
  2. Obtain your RUC (tax ID) from the DGI
  3. Sign a Promise to Purchase contract (Promesa de Compraventa) — pay 10% deposit
  4. Lawyer conducts title search at the Public Registry
  5. Verify no liens, encumbrances or property tax debts
  6. Sign the final Purchase Deed (Escritura de Compraventa) before a Notary
  7. Register at the Public Registry (Registro Público) — takes 2–8 weeks

Typical Стоимости

ItemСтоимость
Transfer tax (ITBMS)2% of higher of sale price or registered value
Notary and legal fees1–2% of purchase price
Public Registry fee~$500–1,500
Annual property tax0% up to $120,000 value (primary residence exempt to $300,000 for new construction)
Agent commission3–5% (paid by seller)
💡 Совет: Panama's primary residence tax exemption is excellent — new properties up to $300,000 are exempt from property tax for 20 years. Always verify titled property (vs Rights of Possession) before purchase. Coastal property near the beach requires additional due diligence on concession rights.

О данном руководстве

This guide is researched and maintained by the editorial team at eVisa-Card.com. Последнее обновление: март 2026. Always verify current requirements with official government sources and consult a licensed professional before making major decisions.

Связанные руководства

Все руководства
Retirement Visa Guide
Cheapest Countries to Retire

💰 Налоги и фискальная эмиграция

Налог на прирост капитала
0%
Налоговый режим
Territorial
Отношение к крипто
9/10
Налог при выезде
Нет

Налог на прирост капитала: 0% on foreign-source income (territorial)

Ключевые налоговые аспекты

  • Territorial tax: 0% on foreign-source income
  • Crypto gains from foreign exchanges are tax-free
  • Pensionado visa: easy residency with $1,000 в месяц pension
  • Friendly Nations visa for 50+ qualifying countries

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📚 Официальные источники и ссылки

Редакционная команда — eVisa-Card.com

Руководства для экспатов, написанные экспертами по путешествиям, специалистами по иммиграции и экспатами с личным опытом в Panama.

✔ Проверенная информация ✔ Обновлено: март 2026 ✔ Официальные источники